“Differences That Make a Difference”: Why Constraint-Based Explanations Succeed Where “Basal Cognition” Fails
A difference only “makes a difference” if it can persist long enough to constrain what comes next. Everything else is noise that thermodynamics erases. Prologue: The Question That Would Not Stay Answered In 1979, the year I was born, Gregory Bateson published Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity and posed a question that would haunt systems theory,…



















